Bitcoin before 2009

2000 BC Abacus was often called the first computer. It was invented to help with calculation.

1900 BC Egyptian hieroglyphs.

1500 BC Clay tablets from Mesopotamia

1000 BC Spartan scytale and use of Helots to send hidden messages.

50 BC Caesarian code

200 Mlecchita vikalpa

800 Arab frequency analysis

1404 The Voynich manuscript

1652 Pascal build the first calculation machine which could add and subtract numbers up to 6 ciphers.

1786 Baron Gripenstierna offered his invention the cipher machine to the Swedish king Gustav 3. A secretary would read the text on the front, by turning the wheel of the machine.The coded text and unexplained row of numbers, could only be read on the back side and then written down by another secretary. The receiver read the text by turning the numbers on his own machine.

1801 French weaver Joseph Jacquard made punch cards with holes for his loom. The holes told the loom how to weave patterns in the cloth. These holes were an example of early computer code

1840 Charles Babbage build the analytic machine and visited Federico Luigi Menabrea to explain it

1842 Babbage asked Ada Lovelace to translate the Federico Luigi Menabrea lecture on the subject of the Analytical Engine. Lovelace spent 9 months working on the translation and added extensive notes, which were 3 times as long as the actual lecture, and which gave her reputation as the mother of computer programming.

1906 Lee de Forest build a radio tube,In the beginning of the 20th century, computers were only a thought experiment, but the 1st mechanic calculators were starting to be adapted. The ideas about how to create a computer existed, but the technique to do it was not available.Lee De Forrest invented the radio-tube in 1906. At first it was only used in radios, later on they were used in the first computers.

1919 Eccles and Jordan build a electronic flip flop circuit.

1936: The Turing machine released: computability, universal machine

1939-40 British scientist Alan Turing invented a computer that decoded Enigma and helped to end the war. Turing’s computer was called the Bombe

1942 Atanasoff and Berry created the first calculator

1945 Professor John W Mauchly and J.P Eckert build ENIAC which could calculate complicated calculations in 60 seconds.
 
1946 The Stanford Research institute(SRI) - Invented technologies vital to telecommunications was founded.

1947 A moth trapped in a computer caused the computer to make mistakes. It was the first computer bug.Bardeen, Brattain and Shockley build the first transistor in the Bell labs

1956 IBM launched the first hard disk size=5 mb

1958 Jack Kilby build the integrated circuit

1959 Robert Noyce, company Fairchild build the First microchip

1964 Gordon Moore suggested that each 18-24 months computer power would double.

1964 An SRI engineer constructed the first computer prototype.

1966 Gavin Andresen was born

1968 Intel created the first microchip

1972 SRI was the first to receive an internet transmission.

1974 Cerf and Khan created a protocol for packet network communication

1976 Stephen Wozniak build the first home computer.

1976 November Whitfield Diffie and Martin E. Hellman released New directions in cryptography. Whitfield Diffie an American mathematician developed Diffies system in 1975 and was a breakthrough in the history of cryptography, a system where both receiver and sender have two keys a public and a secret.The Diffie-Hellman key exchange is a specific method of exchanging cryptographic keys.

1978 RSA public key cryptosystems

1978 SRI build The VALS(Values and Lifestyles) program, a market research tool for
determining the motivations behind consumers purchasing decisions.

1979 Ralph Merkle - invented cryptographic hash functions. The complicated mathematical equation that encrypts and secures the Bitcoin network is based on an invention that Ralph Merkle developed for an undergraduate project.

1980 Ralph Merkle released protocols for public key cryptosystems

1981 IBM began selling their first home computers

1982 David Chaum, Proposed Digital cash - blind signatures for untraceable payments.Sony & Philips introduced the compact disc.Norway connected to the internet

1983 Internet Domain Name System invented by Paul Mockapetris.

1985 David Chaum and Israeli cryptographers Amos Fiat and Moni Naor wrote the paper untraceable electronic cash

1989 Tim Berners Lee proposed hypertext protocol, he invented the world wide web as a source of information for scientists.People all over the world started sharing information on websites over the Internet.

1990 July Eff.org was founded by John Gilmore,John Perry Barlow & Mitch Kapor

1990 David Chaum Founded Digicash

1991 Tim Lee developed World wide web. Grace Murray Hopper created Cobol

1992 Tim May,computer scientist wrote The crypto anarchist manifesto

1993 In March Eric Hughes a mathematician and cypherpunk wrote a program that could encrypt emails & created the cypherpunks mailing list & wrote the Cypherpunk manifesto.

1996 Douglas Jackson, a lawyer and oncologist Barry Downey created E-gold

1997 Adam Back’s Hashcash

1998 Open source concept invented and implemented.Digicash closed, Bernard Von Nuthaus created liberty dollars

2001 Bittorent, Videogame currencies, Distributed hash tables.SHA-2 was first published.

2002 In December 9–10 an entity x posted to the alt.internet.p2p and uk.finance newsgroups an "idea of a future with virtual peer to peer banking". This entity was speculated to be Satoshi Nakamoto.

2003 Vivek Vishnumurthy, Sangeeth Chandrakumar & Emin Gün Sirer, “KARMA: A Secure Economic Framework for Peer-to-Peer Resource Sharing,”At Defcon 11 Len Sassaman gave a speech

2004 Hal Finney created the first reusable proof of work system

2005 Bernard Von Nuthaus claimed that at a Hacker conference in Amsterdam, that the creation of Libertydollars had inspired Satoshi Nakamaoto to develop Bitcoin.

2005 Ian Grigg released Triple entry accounting

2006 Liberty Reserve

2007 Satoshi Nakamoto began working on the Bitcoin project. The person or group of people had registered on the bitcoin talk profile as living in Japan, but maybe it was a collective pseudonym for a secret cryptography work group.

August 2008 Satoshi Nakamoto emailed Adam Back

15 August 2008 Neal Kin, Vladimir Oksman, and Charles Bry applied for an encryption patent application. All 3 men deny any connection to Satoshi Nakamoto.

18 August 2008 Bitcoin.org was registered - bitcoin.org The domain was registered at anonymousspeech.com, a website that lets users anonymously register domain names and accepts Bitcoin.

31 October 2008 The Bitcoin white paper was released - Satoshi Nakamoto published a design paper through a metzdowd.com cryptography mailing list that explained the Bitcoin currency and solved the big problem of double spending so as to prevent the currency from being copied.
"I've been working on a new electronic cash system that's fully peer-to-peer, with no trusted third party. The paper is available at https://www.bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf. Link leads to the  white paper published on bitcoin.org entitled "Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System." This paper is the main reason for how Bitcoin works."

9 November 2008 Bitcoin became available on SourceForge